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29 Aug 2025

Articles

Challenge & Support: Where Does the Balance Sit?

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Coaching & Development, Premium
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That topic was the central theme of a recent virtual roundtable designed to help members better understand that balance.

By John Portch
More than half of coaches and practitioners feel they could be better at balancing challenge and support for their athletes and other personnel.

That is according to a straw poll of Leaders Performance Institute members conducted at the outset of a virtual roundtable we hosted in late-August.

Some members – 42 per cent – rate themselves at four out of five, but everyone in attendance felt there was room for improvement.

With the scene set, members went on to highlight four factors that underpin a good balance of challenge and support, with reflections on how these look in practice in their environments.

1. Psychological safety… or psychological confidence?

The idea of psychological safety was raised several times. Psychological services are a key offering in the provision of safe spaces. A member who works in a senior health and wellness role in a major US league, spoke of their organisation’s success in providing confidential counselling services that support individuals in their pursuit of performance goals.

Psychological safety has long been a performance buzz term, but a team in motorsport is taking it upon itself to reframe its terminology. Their wellbeing lead told the table: “We’re playing around with the idea of creating psychologically confident people. In meetings, we make sure that we give everybody a chance to speak up… there’s also got to be challenge, to get [people] to that psychologically confident point.”

Words clearly matter, as a performance support coach in British varsity sport pointed out. “The language we use when we’re talking to the athletes, it’s not a ‘challenge’, it’s not an ‘adversity’, it’s ‘exploration’, ‘playing’, ‘responsibility’.”

Another idea proffered is to take steps to reduce the fear of (inevitable) failure by creating a low-support, high-challenge environment. “We’re trying to make our training environments more intimidating and challenging than the game would be, so that’s not only going to make those game environments easier and normalise failure, but it also allows them to fail in front of their peers and get more comfortable in that space,” said a coach from American baseball. “Then what the support side looks like to that is not just coach to player but player-to-player; figuring out those challenging environments and finding different solutions with each other.”

2. Set standards and expectations first

This provides clarity and should remove doubts. “The places that do this really well, without exception, spend a fair amount of time at the beginning of a training block or at the beginning of a year discussing what the priorities for that thing are and what the standard is,” said a performance science advisor from the Canadian Olympic system.

With those standards in place you have a framework on which to build trust. “When you get to work with a player that you might not know as well, that’s just going to help you get to the trust piece faster and be able to challenge each other in that way,” the baseball coach added.

“One of the things that I see,” said a performance science advisor based in Canada, “is when it’s not just the coach that’s holding athletes accountable, it’s the athletes holding each other accountable as well. That’s much easier when there’s been some time spent talking about what the expectations for the standard are.”

The idea, as a wellbeing lead in motorsport said, is to create “better challenging conversations because it really is a massive coaching benefit. Just creating that space for challenging conversations, practising it, scripting it, and it becoming a natural part of our every day”.

3. Customised support

An attendee with experience of coaching in English football argued that challenge and support is more about the individual than the environment. They said: “Individuals need different things at different times, so if we understand an individual’s needs, then we, as a group, are best placed to cater to individual needs based on where somebody is.”

This is reflected in the psychological services provided by teams. “We are mainly here to navigate and help them navigate their career progression on an individual level,” said the aforementioned health and wellness lead. These services are increasingly integrated and perceived as a part of a holistic offering. “The fact that we have this space in and of itself is really hitting the nail on the head in terms of how much just caring on an individual level really does impact performance.”

It is also incumbent on coaches and staff to know their athletes. “I was reflecting on an athlete who’s getting three buses in order to just get to training, and is just struggling to feed himself,” said the coach in English football. “Lots of that wouldn’t be known unless we were properly getting to know somebody.”

“It literally is just needs analysis,” a member added. “I think just really understanding the individual, because there’s just so much variety and meeting them where they are in the correct language.”

4. Foster autonomy

This is critical in an era where, as one attendee put it, “we’re observing that student-athletes are almost afraid to try new things.”

“Getting athletes to engage in ‘what does this need to look like in order for us to have success?’ really helps foster autonomy,” said another member whose work brings them into regular contact with younger athletes. “They’re an active part of the process of deciding what’s going to happen next, what went wrong, how do we fix it.”

“Getting them to buy into their own responsibility is critical,” added a race engineer when reflecting on drivers in their motorsport. “They have to be ready to leave here with the ability to be responsible for their own actions.”

Another participant spoke of an idea they had while working in English football: “We put constraints in place that meant that the athlete couldn’t revert to his normal type. He had to go and find a new way to execute the same outcome.”

What to read next

Transparency, Empathy and Empowerment: Five Ways Teams Are Serving their People in 2025

 

26 Aug 2025

Articles

Transparency, Empathy and Empowerment: Five Ways Teams Are Serving their People in 2025

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Coaching & Development, Data & Innovation, Human Performance, Leadership & Culture
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Teams as diverse as the Philadelphia 76ers, Gotham FC and USA Gymnastics explain that if you discount the people on your teams you will inevitably harm their performance too.

By the Leaders Performance Institute team
Inevitably AI was top of the agenda at the Leaders Sport Performance Summit in Philadelphia last month.

Michael Jabbour, the AI Innovation Officer at Microsoft Education, was on hand to explain that while our futures will look different, there will be simple steps we can all take within our daily practices to integrate AI in useful and supportive ways.

“Quality use of AI comes from communication,” Jabbour tells the audience at the Wells Fargo Center, while running through some of the different types of AI, from simple to advanced and from retrieval to autonomous.

Fundamentally, he speaks to the human side of AI usage. Jabbour is a firm believer that with the right prompts AI is a superb teaching tool. “You’re going to have to fight for friction in order to grow,” he continues. Content generation, summary, code generation and advanced search are all areas where the right prompt can reap dividends.

Whatever the AI’s form, however you use it, “great communicators are excellent in what they get out of AI.”

The same can be said for coaching and high-performance work in general, with speakers from teams including the Philadelphia 76ers, Flyers, Gotham FC, USA Gymnastics and US Soccer joining the University of Pennsylvania and the American School of Ballet to discuss how we can better support the people we serve.

Here, we pick out five things to think about in promoting better alignment, more people-focused approaches to performance, and more thoughtful use of data.

1. Be transparent in your decision making

It is perhaps only in retirement from competition – and in going on to assume admin positions in sport – that Yael Averbuch West and Li Li Leung fully understood the value in organisational transparency.

West has been the General Manager and Head of Soccer Operations at Gotham since 2021, while Leung has served as President and CEO of USA Gymnastics since 2019 (before that she was a Vice President at the NBA).

Both have enjoyed success and endured tough times during their tenures and both explain that without transparency, there can be no alignment. And without alignment, you’ll never be able to establish your priorities, set a course and make big decisions.

There is opportunity in moments of hardship, as Leung explains. “Never let a crisis go to waste,” she says, repeating the words of American political theorist Saul Alinsky. There are obvious moments when it’s right to make a change and align people behind a strategy but, Leung adds, “it’s tougher when you’re deciding whether you need to push through and commit to a process or change.”

“The decisions I’m most proud of are the ones that were the most difficult to make – and often they’re the ones with the clearest answer…”

Yael Averbuch West

“… and you’ll still get crucified for it.”

Li Li Leung

“It can be difficult to commit to a process and find a way, rather than start again, but it’s often the right thing to do.”

Li Li Leung

2. Cut through the noise around the athlete

Alignment is key because the simple fact is that athletes increasingly ask for support beyond their sport and performance. Everyone must be on the same page.

“Do you think the modern athlete has changed or has it always been like this, but as performance staff, have we failed to notice it?” asks Simon Rice, the Vice President of Athlete Care at the Philadelphia 76ers.

“We think it is 50:50 as there is no denying that they are more informed because of more information being available,” he adds, “but this does create noise.”

The remedy requires trust as players in the modern era tend to ask for an explanation more often. The Sixers talk to their players and they talk to them early as they seek to understand what’s important to them. “Do not shut things down right away, work with them to find solutions.”

There is, however, a limit. “It is important to have your non-negotiables so they know where the line is too.”

“The guiding light is that everything that we do needs to help players thrive at NHL level,” says Ian McKeown, the Vice President of Athletic Performance & Wellness at the Philadelphia Flyers, who sat next to Rice. “We are being very intentional in using [the concept of] ‘thriving’ in our language.”

It is important to meet athletes where they’re at, understand their wants and needs, and to involve them in the decision-making process.

And lean into change. See it as comforting – it doesn’t automatically mean that what you did before didn’t work.

“As the person overseeing the performance programme, it is important to listen well and be curious about what is going on across different departments and relationships in that environment. I sought to explore the physical barriers and other impacts of what was going on and I intentionally adapted the flow of the environment to change this.”

Ian McKeown

3. Better leader = better human

“Social and cultural connection is the secret to our success as a species.”

So says Dr Michael Platt, the Director of the Wharton Neuroscience Initiative at the University of Pennsylvania. “If you want to be a better leader, be a better human.”

He speaks to the importance of the social brain network, which is a set of interconnected brain regions involved in understanding, interpreting and responding to social information. This could be recognising emotions, understanding others’ intentions or navigating social interactions.

To that end, he encourages leaders to employ perspective thinking. This can be as simple as writing down five things that illustrate your point of view before then attempting to think about them from another person’s perspective.

Platt also encourages eye contact and deep, rich conversations as starting points on the path to greater connection. Neuroscience explains that good relationships emerge when our brains are synchronised and there is a pattern of activity aligned to the other person.

“Your social brain network is like a muscle: the more you use it, the bigger it gets, so it’s critical to exercise it.”

Michael Platt

4. A programme should protect and empower

Ian McKeown at the Flyers made the point about helping players to thrive. Similarly, the notion of holistic support underpins the work of the American School of Ballet with its students.

“We want students to develop so that they are thriving and not just training,” says Katy Vedder, the school’s Director of Student Life, when speaking of their Whole Dancer Approach.

“We acknowledge their adolescent brain and try to create a sense of belonging as they discover who they are and what they value. We want to support their humanistic needs too and their competencies beyond performance, including self-awareness, peer connections and a healthy comparison framework.”

Wellness isn’t supplementary – it’s central to performance, identity and longevity.

Integral to this reframing has been a realignment of performance priorities, with re-education around cross training and strength & conditioning helping to reduce injury rates while better considering wellness and recovery.

“We can’t work in silos,” says Aesha Ash, the school’s Head of Artistic Health & Wellness. There were several nodding heads in agreement around the room. “The dancers have to be at the artistic centre and we have to work to collaborate in support of them.”

“Our students are not just artists or athletes, they intersect both and need a support system that honours their full, true identity.”

Katy Vedder

“We have to challenge the definition of success at a systemic level. We celebrate those not pursuing becoming a professional dancer, widening the parameters of success.”

Aesha Ash

5. Use data, but don’t discount the person

We close the circle by returning to the question of technology, specifically data.

Both Sam Gregory, the Director of Data & Analytics at US Soccer and John Boyles, the Director of Research & Development at the Sixers, make the point that data isn’t here to take from a coach’s systems or expertise, but to elevate it.

“We want to help you do what you’re best at and take away the parts humans aren’t as good at,” says Gregory. “We’re not trying to replace the system and the expertise.”

That means presenting data in robust but useful formats that never lose track of the human subjects at the centre. With this in mind, it is a good practice to exhibit caution in overcommunicating the data and what the numbers are saying.

Analysts should focus on connection, communication and clarity, especially with those departments and individuals who perceive data as a challenge to their daily workflows.

Finally, infrastructure readiness is critical. There is a lot of noise in the ether when it comes to data and technology, with numerous vendors trying to pitch the exclusivity of their datasets. To abate the noise it is important to build robust strategies and infrastructure to ensure that the noise doesn’t find its way into programmes.

“The aim is to get to the point where data is available to support every decision made, even if it’s not used for every decision.”

Sam Gregory

“We need to think about the importance of what’s visible when discussions are happening. The insight displayed can have an effect on the conversation.”

John Boyles

What to read next

‘We’ve Lost Athletes Because of this’: When Support Descends into Surveillance

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13 Aug 2025

Articles

Your Team Is Probably Not as Aligned as you Think, But you Can Get Better at it

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John Bull of Management Futures outlines what it takes to deliver coordinated efforts within a team.

By John Portch
Why is alignment seemingly on everyone’s lips across the world of sport?

“When you get everyone in a system pushing in the same direction, it can have a multiplier effect. The momentum of each person’s efforts building on each other,” said John Bull, the Director & Lead for High Performance Research at Management Futures.

“It is,” as he adds, “a key area of performance at which we can all get better.”

In his online presentation for members of the Leaders Performance Institute, Bull outlined the common obstacles as well as steps all teams can take to get better at coordinating their efforts.

How alignment affects performance

Alignment – the coordinated efforts of a team – takes several forms. Each has different implications for performance outcomes.

Bull illustrated some of those differences using mathematical symbols (and idea lifted directly from Ineos’s Sir Dave Brailsford).

In an ideal world, each stakeholder’s efforts would multiply the others in this fashion:

“One person’s talent is building on and adding,” says Bull. “The multiplication becomes exponential.”

He used the analogy of a group of people pushing a car up a hill. “It’s also about timing. Are we pushing at exactly the right time, which is really what the multiplication symbol is because you get this amplifier effect.”

Additions are more commonly found, but it’s not true alignment:

“What I would mean by a plus is that two parts of the organisation are still moving in the same direction, still aiming at the same goal, but it’s not joined up. It’s independent activity,” said Bull. “They’re still adding their talent, so it’s still a positive contribution, but you’re not getting that momentum multiplier effect. And we all know what that feels like.”

The risk is that subtractions or divisions rear their ugly head:

“If you’ve got two parts of the organisation with very different interpretations of the strategy, you have it taking away from each other,” said Bull of the subtraction.

As for the division symbol, “that would be where, politically, you’re starting to get factions, briefing to the media, or people actively recruiting allies against another part of the organisation. Or sometimes where you have a board or owner deliberately undermining the coach.”

If teams are to achieve the multiplier effect, Bull highlighted five critical considerations:

1. Who?

Who are you trying to align and what different talents can you bring to bear on a problem? Be sure to involve all relevant parties, including those who may be excluded for fear that they will be distracted.

2. What are you trying to achieve and by when?

Misalignment often arises not from disagreement on the goal itself, but on the timeline and resources needed to achieve it.

3. Alignment on strategy i.e. the ‘how’

The distinction between strategy (high-level direction) and tactics (specific applications) is not always understood.

4. Ways of working

Alignment is an outcome of agreed processes of communication, collaboration and decision-making.

5. Vertical and horizontal dimensions

While vertical alignment (e.g. between board and coach) attracts a lot of focus,  horizontal alignment between departments or teams underpins a truly joined-up approach.

Bull then highlighted some common tensions:

He said: “The reason I want to share these is to highlight where you might go for opportunities for improvement. Where do you see the opportunities for improvement in your environment and what’s your role in that? Where can you make a difference?”

The same goes for tests of alignment:

Each type of test presents opportunities to strengthen systems through reflection, planning and proactive leadership if you’re minded to look.

What actually works?

Bull suggested several methods for Leaders Performance Institute members to mull over:

What to read next

Do you Feel your Team Has Plenty of Clarity But Still Suffers from Misalignment?

6 Aug 2025

Articles

‘Smart People Make Bad Decisions All the Time’

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Leadership & Culture
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Greg Shaw of Swimming Australia describes four areas where his team are working to help people make smart decisions and follow hard behaviours.

By John Portch
“The one thing I believe about high performance is that it’s pretty simple but it’s also really hard to do consistently over time.”

The Leaders Performance Institute has just asked Greg Shaw, the High Performance Director at Swimming Australia, for his thoughts on the growing complexity of performance environments.

This complexity is both reflected in and a reaction to what Shaw calls the “growing sophistication” of performance roles. In many respects, as he noted in our Teamworks Special Report earlier this year, Shaw perceives himself as a “project manager”.

Which is not in itself a bad thing. Fields such as sports science have blossomed in elite sport, but consistency of application and outcome, whether locally or at scale, has often proved elusive.

“We all make bad decisions,” adds Shaw, “and a lot of smart people make dumb decisions.”

Here, we highlight four areas where Shaw and Swimming Australia, are trying to give their athletes, coaches and staff every chance to make better choices.

1. Identify the barriers to better decision making

“We heavily invested and remain interested in behavioural science and how we can help our athletes and coaches make smart decisions and follow hard behaviours,” says Shaw. Swimming Australia’s aim is to “help make those decisions easier and those hard performance behaviours more frequent.” They enlisted the help of behavioural design experts to help identify and understand the existing barriers.

Shaw himself has a background in sports nutrition and illustrates his point through the lens of dietetics. “It’s the behavioural component of nutrition,” he continues. “It doesn’t matter what you know in terms of, say, biology, it’s if you can make the right choices and how social and cultural drivers impact those choices.”

2. Manipulate the environment to remove those barriers

The ideal, as Shaw says, is for the athletes to “turn up, do what they need to do, and live a high performance lifestyle”. This, he admits, is easier said than done. Even a disciplined athlete can inadvertently harm their health and performance. “It often leads to concerns around wellbeing, being overloaded, overworked and over-stressed.”

The key is to “manipulate the environment and the process to help the athlete make it simpler and easier.” Shaw continues: “I think the future of high performance is designing things purposefully, not just the training we do but everything that fits outside of that; the life, the social environment, the club culture, the programme culture, the experts around you so you know to make the right choices and adaptations.”

He is clear that it is “more about environment and behaviour than it is about science and the expertise of performance.”

This is in keeping with Swimming Australia’s ‘people-first’ approach. “It’s understanding what’s a good stress and what’s a bad stress,” says Shaw, who explains that there is an increasing empathy for what athletes go through to sustain high performance over extended periods of time.

“An athlete may enter our ecosystem at 15 or 16 and leave our ecosystem at 35, so if we don’t have that ability to understand how we must adapt in how we interact with and support our athletes, then they’ll leave.”

3. Let people refine their processes before looking for scalability

Shaw admits that Swimming Australia, when it comes to system-wide initiatives, has traditionally been an organisation that “scales first and tries to find efficiencies later”. However, the organisation has typically excelled when it comes to individual and group piloting. Shaw has noted the distinction and continues to learn as he goes. “Over the last 18 months I’ve realised it’s not about adding more, it’s subtracting and refining ideas to their simplest and easiest, then letting people add their flavour to it,” he says, warming to the theme.

“Oftentimes, we try to scale and have things fit within boxes, but scalability comes from understanding the fundamentals of an idea or process, making sure that happens, and then giving enough space for others to iterate and develop their own process.”

4. Use AI as a co-pilot

Shaw sees the potential in automation, with caveats. “As we automate, we free up time to interrogate the data more and more, but that puts people behind the screens and offices we’re trying to free them from in the first place,” he says, adding, “automation should free coaches to spend more time on the pool deck and in performance environments”. Doing this will enable coaches to “be compassionate with the athlete, to better understand what they’re going through, or to understand if a piece of information is going to be necessary for them at this point in time.”

As for AI, he sees the benefit as being rooted in “augmented decision-making”. “We want to use AI to help people make good decisions, to help strip away the noise, to make the signal a bit clearer,” he continues.

Such clarity helps to reduce “data hallucinations and noise, which you may not realise for a couple of months”. By that point, “you’ve wasted your time.”

That does not mean outsourcing data interpretation entirely to AI. “We believe in the co-pilot model of AI rather than having the artificial intelligence doing it for people.”

What to read next

Coach and Staff Wellbeing: Five Approaches to Five Common Challenges

4 Aug 2025

Articles

The Debrief – a Snapshot of Powerful Discussions Happening Right Now Across the Leaders Performance Institute

Category
Coaching & Development, Human Performance, Leadership & Culture
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In July the art of listening, coach and staff wellbeing, and the postpartum return of athletes were top of the conversational agenda.

By John Portch
England’s Lionesses retained their European title in dramatic fashion last month.

Nestled in between the myriad elements that contributed to their success was the team’s sense of being “proper English”.

The trope was first aired in February following England’s 1-0 defeat of Spain (who were also their opponents in the Euro 2025 final), with defenders Millie Bright and captain Leah Williamson hailing a “properly English” performance.

Winger Chloe Kelly repeated it during the Euros, and several players were asked to define what it meant as the tournament went on. No-one gave exactly the same answer.

“It’s that we give everything, we run ourselves into the ground,” said midfielder Keira Walsh. For forward Alessia Russo it means “we’ll stick together”. For defender Lucy Bronze it means “if push comes to shove, we can win in any means possible”.

For England’s Dutch Head Coach, Sarina Wiegman, it means “passing with purpose”.

Perhaps it doesn’t really matter one way or another. Much like words on the wall of your changing room, it is more about the feelings they generate than the actual words used.

That is certainly the opinion of Dan Jackson, the General Manager of Player Development and Leadership at the AFL’s Adelaide Crows. He has spent his post-playing career working with teams on their culture. The words on the wall are often a focus.

“I probably spend the least amount of time worrying about whatever words they’ve got,” he told the Leaders Performance Institute in an article that appeared last month.

“Often, I don’t even bother changing them because if you want ‘connection’ or ‘unity’ or ‘team first’ or ‘family’, it doesn’t really matter. What I want to know is the behaviours you’re going to commit to, your system of accountability, and how you drive those behaviours.”

It was one of several nuggets of insight on offer, member to member, across the Leaders Performance Institute in July.

Are you a soldier or a scout?

“Some of the skills of adaptive leadership are more obvious, but that doesn’t make them easier to learn,” said John Bull.

The Director & Lead for High Performance Research at Management Futures hosted the third and final session of our Virtual Roundtable series entitled ‘Leading in Complexity’.

Bull wanted to encourage Leaders Performance Institute members to reflect on their own role as an adaptive leader and pinpoint some areas for self-development.

He introduced the table to the work of philosopher Julia Galef, who has outlined what she calls ‘scout’ and ‘soldier’ mindsets:

A scout mindset, such as when a scout might draw a map, is essential when learning and adapting. “It’s about acknowledging we might know some elements of the map, but large parts of the map are still undrawn,” added Bull. “It’s not ignoring that we have expertise, but it’s looking for what’s missing.”

On the other hand, a soldier mindset is counterproductive because, as Bull said, “most of our energy is going to influencing other people to see things our way as opposed to learning from what we’re missing.” It can also help, as Shona Crooks, a colleague of Bull’s from Management Futures says, to ‘put your brain in neutral’.

What kind of listener are you?

It was a question posed by Management Futures’ Jeff Pagliano during July’s Leadership Skills Series session.

There are at least four different types of listener, as Pagliano pointed out, but anyone can become better at listening at depth.

He illustrated his rationale with this graphic:

“Usually when we’re trying to persuade someone, it’s all about sharing our perspective. We call that ‘advocacy’,” said Pagliano. Your advocacy will be made up of the facts known to you, things you see as important, and any assumptions you make about the other person.

That person will have facts, thoughts and assumptions of their own, which is why we must add ‘inquiry’ to help bring those to the fore. “And when you bring those two things together that’s where you get that shared pool of insight.”

Listening at depth has other benefits too:

  • Knowledge and information that may not have been obvious is allowed to surface.
  • It creates a connection and builds trust. It goes way beyond just listening and sharing information.
  • If you can cast aside your scepticism and assumptions, you will be able to “listen generously and share tentatively” – an idea posited by business professor Erin Meyer in her 2014 book The Culture Map and shared here by Pagliano.

Do you care enough about your coach and staff wellbeing?

“We’ve had athlete wellbeing and engagement in place for more than ten years. We still don’t have coach wellbeing and engagement in place at all.”

This observation, offered at a Leaders Virtual Roundtable on the topic, is by no means unique.

Members of the Leaders Performance Institute have seen the following approaches help:

  1. Find space for coach and staff wellbeing in their strategies
  2. Encourage coaches and staff to develop work friendships
  3. Depicting presenteeism as irresponsible
  4. An individualised approach to wellbeing
  5. The idea that wellbeing and performance are indivisible

Read a full account here.

The postpartum return of British athletes

This was a theme of last month’s Women’s High Performance Sport community call, which featured Esme Matthew, the Head of Physiology at the UKSI, and Dr Kate Hutchings, who works with the UKSI’s leading clinical services for all world-class-funded Olympic and Paralympic athletes.

They discussed six key areas:

  1. Preparation and planning

Early and open communication helps athletes and their teams set expectations and create tailored return-to-performance plans, with support from performance lifestyle advisors.

  1. Multidisciplinary support teams

These help to place the athlete at the centre of their own decision-making.

  1. Pelvic health as a game changer

Pelvic floor education and support are essential for postpartum recovery.

  1. Individualised return plans

Each athlete’s requires unique and flexible plans informed by health monitoring and any necessary practical adjustments. It is key to enable them to stay connected to their sport.

  1. Mental health and identity

Mental health support is vital as athletes adjust to motherhood.

  1. Peer support and mentorship

Informal peer networks, such as WhatsApp groups, offer valuable emotional and practical support, helping athletes share experiences and reduce isolation during pregnancy and postpartum.

Click here for a fuller insight.

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23 Jul 2025

Articles

Why the Words you Choose to Promote your Team Culture Are Interchangeable and Don’t Always Matter

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In one conversation, Dan Jackson of the Adelaide Crows cut to the chase and helped the team’s analysts to recognise – and celebrate – their important contribution to the collective.

By John Portch
Dan Jackson recounts a conversation he had with the analyst team at the Adelaide Crows during the AFL off-season earlier this year.

“There’s a team of six and I asked them what their job was,” the Crows’ General Manager of Player Development and Leadership tells the Leaders Performance Institute.

“Their response was along the lines of ‘we’re there to support the coaches’,” says Jackson, while admitting that this response isn’t wrong. “That is inherently what their job is. They’re looking at the data, they’re putting together PowerPoints. They’re also the ones plugging in all the computers at a game to make sure that the visuals are right. Everything for them is about getting the detail right in the background. If they weren’t there the wheels would fall off.”

Jackson did not find their answer wholly satisfactory. The analyst team’s relative invisibility to everyone else was part of the problem.

Connection to vision and mission

In the analysts’ response, there was no mention of Adelaide’s vision (“to earn the pride of South Australia”) or their mission (“sustained success, winning multiple premierships”).

Jackson reframed his question. He wanted to see if the group could align their work to the bigger picture. “I said: ‘how do you guys see your role? What’s your purpose as an analyst group to help us achieve that vision and mission?’”

A fear for Jackson was that if the analysts see their contribution as little more than background support then others will surely do the same.

First clarity, then alignment

“When you’ve given everyone clarity around what we are trying to achieve, how we’re going to go about it, and how I need you and you and your team to play your role in it – I think that’s what people would say when they feel like there’s alignment,” says Jackson.

The group’s second answer was a step in the right direction:

We help drive performance by supporting, innovating and getting the little details right, so that everyone else can work their job seamlessly.

They hinted at their sense of alignment and already sound more empowered.

“At great organisations, people feel like they have some autonomy to make decisions,” Jackson adds, “but it’s really hard to give that trust over as a leader if you haven’t provided clarity or aligned them to the strategy, the vision and the mission.”

Those three areas have been areas of intense focus for Jackson and his colleagues. The analysts, now emboldened by Jackson’s encouragement, went further:

We play a pivotal role in the team’s performance as we look to earn pride and win.

“Now they’re feeling strongly aligned to how they’re going to help us achieve the vision and the mission. I think that goes a long way to help engagement, retention or even decision making.”

It led to a wider conversation about their roles and contributions.

“One of our values is ‘courage’,” says Jackson, who asked the analysts what that looked like for them. They connected ‘courage’ to their need to balance innovation and risk-taking in their day-to-day work.

For us to get a competitive advantage in how we use the data, present our messaging and tell our stories, we might have to take a risk. For example, we might have to use some new AI platform to enhance our presentations. It may fail once or twice, but if it works really well then we can visualise data better and tell our story better.

Jackson now heard what he had sought. “A small department can be really empowered when they’re aligned to something that they understand of the big picture.”

That said, Jackson guards against any team getting too hung up on words when it’s actions that matter.

He observes that there’s little difference between the values one team puts on their wall and another.

“Around 80 per cent have ‘integrity’ as a value,” he says. “You’re guaranteed to have something like ‘commitment’, ‘hard work’, ‘dedication’ or ‘excellence’.

“Then there tends to be a mindset one. So we have ‘courage’, but it might be ‘ruthlessness’, ‘relentless’ or ‘belief’. Sometimes they have a fourth, which is more unique. It could be like ‘celebrate your authenticity’ but, inherently, every sporting organisation has the same face because there’s no real secret sauce of success.

“With the great teams, it’s not that their words are great: it’s the way they actually go about living, the behaviours that underpin it.”

Jackson has seen it time and again during his career. “I probably spend the least amount of time worrying about whatever words they’ve got,” he says. “Often, I don’t even bother changing them because if you want ‘connection’ or ‘unity’ or ‘team first’ or ‘family’, it doesn’t really matter. What I want to know is the behaviours you’re going to commit to, your system of accountability, and how you drive those behaviours.”

Dan Jackson also features in…

Performance Special Report – High Performance Unpacked

 

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16 Jul 2025

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How to Transform an Underperforming Environment into a Thriving Hub

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Rakesh Patel is tasked with helping floundering NHS hospitals in England. He believes the answer lies in cultural transformation, empathetic teaching, and smarter feedback.

By John Portch
Innovation in the NHS can all too easily be stifled by tradition or, in the worst cases, hierarchical cultures rooted in fear. It is no wonder that crises emerge.

Having read that, you may think that just as readily applies to the world of sport.

“How can we transform underperforming environments into thriving ones?”

That is the question Rakesh Patel, a nephrological surgeon who works at Barts Hospital in London, asked the audience at last November’s Leaders Sport Performance Summit.

His remit includes working on the NHS’s Recovery Support Programme [recently renamed the Provider Improvement Programme], which is designed to support underperforming hospitals and medical providers who have been placed in ‘special measures’.

Patel and his colleagues will work with these hospitals to help identify systemic issues that lead to habitual failures. They will implement evidence-based interventions and build local capacity to sustain improvements once they’ve left the building.

Away from clinical practice, Patel is a professor at Queen Mary University, where 2,300 medical students matriculate at any one time.

As such, he has given a lot of thought to learning and failure in the NHS, which is the ‘sacred cow’ of British society.

What does the Recovery Support Programme do?

Its aim is to mitigate crises and enable people to learn from their mistakes. For Patel, it has to start with rethinking underperformance, because jumping to conclusions helps no one.

“We only see the world as we see it, but not how others see it,” he says. “In a performance role, if we’re assessing someone, we often see the world as we think it should be and not actually how it is.”

Underperformance, whether in experienced clinicians or medical students, cannot always be attributed to a lack of skill or effort.

Just as distractions, pressure, poor communication or emotional stress are prevalent in sport, their presence is felt with greater consequence in medical settings.

Take this feedback from medical students when reflecting on video footage of their mistakes:

“The last one upset me most as a doctor,” says Patel, who later added that judgement can degenerate into reported cases of outright hostility. “I found it upsetting that these doctors were coming in to do work and we’re being nasty to them and that was why they were underperforming.”

At some level, as Patel explains, these errors point to the human limitations of working memory.

He cites The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two, the highly regarded 1956 paper by psychologist George A Miller, who said that a person has a working memory capacity for five chunks of information, plus or minus two. That means placing the working memory under too much strain will lead to (often avoidable) errors.

Patel says: “Any threat to working memory will impair performance. If you need your brain and you need to think through things, it’s likely you’re going to have underperformance.”

It follows then that to enable better learning – and prevent avoidable errors – there needs to be less pressure on people’s working memory.

“If you add up all those bits contextual things – inattention, distraction – you can see why memory matters,” says Patel. “You can literally only remember three to seven things and, in that moment, when it hits your eyes and your ears, if you do not do something with it in the first half a second to three seconds, it’s gone. That’s why in high pressure situations when we’re under stress is when our memory gets hit. We can only focus on what we need to.”

That is why medicine values reps and evaluation as much as any team. “When things get complex, you don’t need to think about it.”

With this in mind, it is easier to choose the right form of feedback.

“We all talk about feedback and there’s probably more books on feedback than anything else,” says Patel. “There is an evidence base around how you give it and we wanted to give the best feedback, in the way that it needed to hit and cut through.”

This was tricky to navigate in hospitals placed under special measures. “They weren’t the easiest characters to work with,” he adds, “but it depends on what’s important. If there’s the greater good and we’re going to work together, then even the biggest ego you can get down to your level and work through.

“And we only went into hospitals if we had CEO buy-in and everyone was going to engage. So we taught them how to give feedback better.”

He highlighted four formats favoured in the NHS:

1. Facilitated self-reflection

“One of the most important interventions you can ever do is ask someone ‘how do you think that went?’ And if you do that before they start and you say ‘how well do you think you’re going to do before you start?’ You then get them to calibrate what they think with what you think.”

It was, as Patel says, “the lightbulb moment”. He also underlines the value of sitting with doctors as they watch themselves on video. “It’s not about telling them what they’ve done but asking them; ‘these are your notes, you wrote them, tell me what you were thinking at the table’. You don’t dictate, but get them to reflect.”

2. Revisit video assessments at periodic intervals

Patel and his colleagues test doctors and students from the outset and provide instant feedback. More critically, however, they will also revisit feedback at regular intervals over the following weeks.

“I’ve told you about working memory and fear – they’re going to forget it,” he says of that instant appraisal. “So we videoed everything and we drip fed the feedback over time. Why was that important? Because I don’t know if you’ve ever done it, but watching yourself make a mistake three or four weeks down the line when you know you’ve made that mistake, and being reminded of it, is really powerful.”

3. Peer to peer learning

Sometimes Patel takes himself out of the equation. “We often forget what it’s like to be a novice. That’s why peer-to-peer works really well. So if you’ve got someone new, get someone who’s of a similar age that can explain it better.”

4. Ask them to ‘teach it back’

“We do this when we teach clinical skills,” says Patel, alluding to evidence pointing to the efficacy of this approach to learning. “There’s something about having the confidence plus the competence to be able to explain a skill to someone else.”

The Recovery Support Programme approach is scalable too.

“I couldn’t go into all these hospitals, and this training model needed to be scaled,” says Patel, who explains that pharmacists were uniquely placed within hospitals to deliver the model in his stead. For one, a large proportion of the noted errors were prescription-based.

And it worked. Doctors trained by Patel’s team and those who have taken the training model make fewer mistakes. “We trained them to be resistant to all the trauma and all the nonsense around them, to still focus on the task.”

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Talent ID and Development: The Race to Deliver Formula 1’s First Female World Champion

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9 Jul 2025

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‘Some Skills of Adaptive Leadership Are Obvious, But That Doesn’t Make them Easier to Learn’

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In the third and final session of our Virtual Roundtable series ‘Leading in Complexity’ John Bull of Management Futures explores the skills and tools that enable a leader to be more adaptable in the face of change.

By John Portch
“Some of the skills of adaptive leadership are more obvious, but that doesn’t make them easier to learn,” said John Bull.

The Director & Lead for High Performance Research at Management Futures hosted the third and final session of our Virtual Roundtable series entitled ‘Leading in Complexity’.

Bull wanted to encourage Leaders Performance Institute members to reflect on their own role as an adaptive leader and pinpoint some areas for self-development.

But, as he admitted, this is easier said than done. He recalled a conversation he had with his colleague Tim Cox, who led sessions one and two, and our own Luke Whitworth.

“We reflected that it takes energy to spot the necessary changes,” said Bull. “It probably feels like it then takes even more energy to then try and lead the change in the face of resistance.”

There are, however, skills to be learned and tools available to all leaders.

Four inhibitors (and four more)

In session two, Cox outlined four common ‘traps’ that can inhibit your ability to be adaptable.

They were:

  1. Being overwhelmed or hijacked by our emotions
  2. Operating from out-of-date assumptions or an out-of-date map of the world
  3. When authoritative leadership causes a bottleneck
  4. Inflexibility

You can read about these in greater detail here.

At the start of this session Bull added four additional traps suggested by the Leaders Performance Institute members who have attended this series:

  1. Success: if it ain’t broke…

“You know the end of this sentence,” said Bull, who introduced the table to the work of British organisational theorist Charles Handy, specifically his 2015 book The Second Curve: Thoughts on Reinventing Society.

Handy wrote: ‘The nasty and often fatal snag is that the Second Curve has to start before the first curve peaks.’

“You need to start reinventing almost on the peak of the curve before your competitors do,” added Bull.

  1. Traditional, lack of cognitive diversity

Sports, as Bull pointed out, tend to recruit leaders from within the realms of their own sport. “The implication of that is that the sport is lacking some cognitive diversity,” said Bull.

As an antidote, he cited the example of British Cycling’s ascendancy in the late 2000s under Sir Dave Brailsford. “The two biggest breakthroughs in British Cycling came from Australian swimming [equipment design] and in introducing a clinical psychiatrist.”

  1. Risk averse

All change requires a leap of faith. “This inhibitor is linked to the traditional,” said Bull, “but where an organisation may be very risk averse that can get in the way of adaptation.”

  1. Lack of alignment

This was a major area of focus in our recent Trend Report.

Bull said: “The more alignment you have, the faster you will be able to pivot and adapt as a team.”

Why mindset matters when it comes to adaptability

Put simply, a leader’s mindset influences how they perceive, respond to, and lead through change in complex environments.

Bull then led the virtual room through six areas that demonstrate why mindset matters:

  1. ‘Radically traditional’: clarity on what to protect is as important as what needs to change

‘Radically traditional’ is a term coined by Professor Alex Hill to describe organisations that have thrived for over a century through an adherence to tradition allied to a willingness to adapt.

“The key insight out of that work is: in order to be able to be adapt, you have to be really clear on what doesn’t change,” said Bull. “It’s about being really clear on what is the core that we want to safeguard, what is what is now out of date. It’s having a balanced view and doing both at the same time.”

  1. Embrace uncertainty

Bull used neuroscience to make his point here. “If we are threatened by the uncertainty we’re going to go into fight or flight mode,” he said. “And as we all know we’re going to be less resourceful in fight or flight as opposed to seeing it as an opportunity.” This is what sets adaptable people apart. “They’re calmly ready for it, they’re calmly in alert. Their radar is on and, if you can relish the uncertainty and dial up that part of your personality that relishing it, your brain’s going to be operating at its best. You’ll have all the feel-good hormones of serotonin, endorphins, dopamine and oxytocin.”

  1. The ‘scout’ mindset v the ‘soldier’ mindset

Bull is fond of the phrase ‘situational humility’, which was coined by renowned psychologist Amy Edmondson. “If we’re operating in a domain where we have a lot of expertise it’s recognising there’s still going to be stuff we don’t know,” he said.

He built on his point by introducing the work of philosopher Julia Galef, who has outlined what she calls ‘scout’ and ‘soldier’ mindsets:

A scout mindset, such as when a scout might draw a map, is essential when learning and adapting. “It’s about acknowledging we might know some elements of the map, but large parts of the map are still undrawn,” added Bull. “It’s not ignoring that we have expertise, but it’s looking for what’s missing.”

On the other hand, a soldier mindset is counterproductive because, as Bull said, “most of our energy is going to influencing other people to see things our way as opposed to learning from what we’re missing.” It can also help, as Shona Crooks, a colleague of Bull’s from Management Futures says, to ‘put your brain in neutral’.

  1. Focus on what we can control

“From a mindset point of view, this is about where’s our energy going?” said Bull. “Is our energy going to what we can’t control? Or is our energy going to the element of that which we can control?”

  1. Growth mindset: learn from failures

Bull said: “Do we focus on learning from failure and finding opportunities where the failure has low consequences?”

  1. The courage to challenge ‘sacred cows’

This is “the courage to speak up, challenge and name a need to adapt even when that’s really unpopular,” said Bull of the term commonly used in marketing. “There will be some elements of what the sport does or what the organisation does which has served your team incredibly well in the past, which you might feel needs revisiting. That’s going to get the strongest reaction, but sometimes that’s important to show that courage.”

The group were then invited to rank themselves, strongest to weakest, on their ability in each area:

“The common component is emotion,” said Bull in reflection.

How we respond to challenges is critical and, to follow up, he shared eight important adaptive leadership skills needed in complex environments:

  1. Prioritising time: ‘stepping onto the balcony’: The ability to step back from day-to-day operations to reflect and gain perspective helps leaders see what’s really going on and make better strategic decisions.
  1. Distinguish between ‘tame’ and ‘wicked’ problems: Bull defined and distinguished ‘tame’ and ‘wicked’ problems thus:

“The leadership required around a tame solution is very different to the leadership skills required around adaptive leadership and solving a wicked problem,”  said Bull. “And where a lot of leaders and organisations get into trouble is where they treat a problem that is wicked as though it’s tame and they try and just implement a simple solution; and it doesn’t work or they try and ignore the problem.

“One of the key skills is how do we spot when we need to go into adaptive leadership mode?”

  1. Emotional intelligence: A key skill for scenario planning (see below).
  1. Sense-making, analytical thinking: How quickly are we able to see patterns and assimilate what’s happening? Bull divided this into three areas:
  • Alert to common biases
  • Root cause analysis
  • Spotting new patterns
  1. Psychological safety: “How good are we at creating psychological safety where people will challenge our thinking and challenge the predominant thinking, so listening, questioning, facilitation skills?” 
  1. Leading change / influence: “We may see the need to adapt but how effective are we at getting the key people on board, enabling to see the need to adapt, and adopting and implementing changes?”
  1. Empowering – define the problem, give responsibility: “That’s not about just giving freedom, it’s about defining a problem clearly and then giving people responsibility or using distributed leadership to solve it.” 
  1. Debriefing – facilitated learning: “Underneath all of this is our skill in facilitated learning,” said Bull. “Debriefing is a key element of that.”

 Again, attendees were asked to rank themselves on each of the eight suggestions:

Bull believes the snapshot provided by the above bodes well for sport. “I’m struck, relative to outside of sport, how strong people are generally scoring on the ‘leading change, influence, and persuasion’,” he said. “That’s a positive strength to be able to bank here because, in our experience, and if you look at the research around this, that’s often the skill that most holds back adaptive leadership.”

To wrap things up, Bull shared eight tools to help leaders be more adaptive:

  1. The OODA Loop: used in the military and described in greater detail here.
  2. Multiple cause analysis: “It’s just the idea of mapping out. If you take something that’s happening, it’s asking the question, what are the causes of that,” said Bull. “And the real emphasis on the plural causes.”
  3. Scenario planning: This is “challenging ourselves to ask what are the what if scenarios that could come up, prioritising those by likelihood and impact and then ensuring we’ve got contingencies for that.”
  4. Red teaming or pre-mortem: Another approach favoured in the military. “You would task some of your team, knowing what they know about your strategy and approach how they would beat us. Then you get that team to come back and present that,” said Bull. “Pre-mortem is just asking the question to counter the positive bias of if we were going to have a failed season, where is it most likely to go wrong and then paying attention to it.”
  5. Force field analysis: “It’s based on this idea that if the forces for change are greater than the forces against change, change will happen,” said Bull. “What are the forces against change and what can we do to minimise those?”
  6. Stakeholder mapping: “I’m a big fan of doing this by mapping the energy for the change as well as the influence.”
  7. Appreciative enquiry: “If you need to build a new muscle in the organisation to adapt, it’s about finding where we already have that muscle, amplifying that, and learning from those people.”
  8. Setting up safe to fail experiments: Bull explained this by returning to the work of Amy Edmondson on ‘intelligent failure’. “People talk about ‘failing fast’, they talk about welcoming failure, and Edmondson’s provocation is that this idea is too general, that not all failure is good, and sometimes failure has dire consequences.

“So what she would say is in organisations that that have a more mature attitude to failure will find opportunities to do ‘intelligent failure’.”

In her book Right Kind of Wrong: Why Learning to Fail Can Teach Us to Thrive, Edmondson outlines three types of failure and the conditions for ‘intelligent failure’:

Final task

Bull concluded by setting the virtual room a task to consider in their own time:

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What Kind of Listener Are you?

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3 Jul 2025

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What Kind of Listener Are you?

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In a recent Leadership Skills Series session, Management Futures’ Jeff Pagliano presented ways to prioritise ‘listening at depth’ in a fast-moving environment.

By John Portch
“What kind of listener are you?”

Jeff Pagliano, a consultant with leadership specialists Management Futures, posed this question at the outset of a recent online Leadership Skills Series session.

The Leaders Performance Institute members in attendance could select one of the following:

“This might be difficult because, as I said in our previous session on influencing skills, when we talk about communication, we really only think of it as how we express our ideas in a way that’s more persuasive,” Pagliano continued. “Do we stop and consider the important role that listening plays in that?”

He admitted that the description that fits him best is ‘I am easily distracted and my mind wanders’.

“I definitely feel my mind going in a couple of different directions when someone’s talking,” said one attendee. “I think I could have ticked all of those responses because sometimes the mind wanders to interrupting, waiting to answer.”

Pagliano empathised. “I think it is a product of the digital age,” he said. “My own thought is that we’re all easily distracted because we have so many stimuli constantly coming at us.”

Another member spoke of their tendency to be waiting to speak rather than listen fully.

He said: “Part of our roles is to try and be solutions-based and help our people with whatever they’re working their way through.” He reflected that it is a point of pride for people in his position. “Waiting to speak comes from the idea of being able to say ‘I think I have an answer or a suggestion that might be able to help you in this’. But I do think that at some point it detracts from the overall quality of the conversation and the connection piece that you then share with that person because you’re not fully present.”

Again, Pagliano highlighted the good intentions. “That tendency to come up with solutions comes from a very good place, but it’s about also trying to know when it’s appropriate.”

He added: “listening is what’s needed.”

The impact of listening at depth

Pagliano posed two further questions to help set the scene:

  1. When do you focus on the quality of your listening?

This provoked varied responses but the table agreed that people expect to be heard and leaders are expected to listen:

  • When facilitating or leading sessions
  • During one-to-one or personal conversations
  • During feedback sessions
  • When hearing a problem or concern for the first time
  • When encountering new information

Pagliano also pointed out the importance of body language, eye contact and verbal cues.

  1. What gets in the way of listening?

The obstacles were just as recognisable:

  • Mental distractions / a loss of focus
  • Emotional reactions during conversations
  • Time pressure
  • Environmental distractions (e.g. phones or tablets; loud music next door; children)
  • Cognitive biases (e.g. fixation on a single word or concept; impatience with the speaker)
  • Physical discomfort (e.g. it’s too hot or too cold)

Next, Pagliano explained why one of the benefits of listening at depth is what he calls a ‘shared pool of insight’. He illustrated his answer with this graphic:

“Usually when we’re trying to persuade someone, it’s all about sharing our perspective. We call that ‘advocacy’,” said Pagliano. Your advocacy will be made up of the facts known to you, things you see as important, and any assumptions you make about the other person.

That person will have facts, thoughts and assumptions of their own, which is why we must add ‘inquiry’ to help bring those to the fore. “And when you bring those two things together that’s where you get that shared pool of insight.”

Listening at depth has other benefits too:

  • Knowledge and information that may not have been obvious is allowed to surface.
  • It creates a connection and builds trust. It goes way beyond just listening and sharing information.
  • If you can cast aside your scepticism and assumptions, you will be able to “listen generously and share tentatively” – an idea posited by business professor Erin Meyer in her 2014 book The Culture Map and shared by Pagliano.

“Erin Meyer”, as Pagliano explained, “has written a lot about collaborations across cultures and how sometimes when we’re listening if we’re missing something, it isn’t because we’re not working hard enough or we haven’t harnessed our listening skills, it’s because the cultural context that the other person is coming from is different than our own. And when I say ‘cultural context’, what I’m referring to is the education system, where they were raised and where they grew up.”

This led to a discussion of ‘low context’ and ‘high context’ cultures, which Pagliano outlined:

Real-life examples, he explained, could be a comparison of the United States and United Kingdom.

“The US would be considered a low context culture,” said Pagliano. “An American is going to tell you what they’re going to tell you, they’re going to tell you, and they’re going to tell you what they just told you. So they’re going to say it three times.

“The UK would be a high context culture. So if you’ve ever had a situation where you are listening, but you leave an interaction feeling as though you missed something, potentially, for myself as an American, it’s because I’m talking to someone from a high context culture.

“My listening hasn’t suffered, it’s not that I’m not putting as much effort into it, it’s that I don’t understand the context of the other person who’s communicating with me.

“I didn’t miss anything, but I wasn’t listening the right way.”

Five ways to show you are listening at depth

The virtual room included people working abroad and other environments where the coaches originate from a range of cultures.

This creates a spectrum of cultural norms around such elements as reporting lines, feedback and trust, which has implications for athletes and team dynamics. We can, however, demonstrate that we are listening at depth.

Pagliano has five tips:

He also suggests that people look out for the following:

Pagliano wrapped up the session with some final tips:

  • Make a conscious effort to notice what you might usually miss. Some people focus on facts, others on feelings, assumptions or metaphors.
  • Try to pick up on non-verbal cues and read between the lines. What’s unsaid can be just as important as what is said. Look out for tone, emphasis and body language.
  • In virtual settings, try to stay present, especially when cameras are off or attention is divided.

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‘The Best Influencers Listen Carefully, Ask the Right Questions, and Communicate a Compelling Vision’

 

1 Jul 2025

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The Debrief – a Snapshot of Powerful Discussions Happening Right Now Across the Leaders Performance Institute

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In June, performance under pressure, empowered leadership and female athlete health were some of the topics discussed by members of the institute.

By John Portch
The 2025 French Open men’s champion Carlos Alcaraz is one of a select few to have won a Grand Slam final from match point down.

“I think the real champions are made in situations when you deal with that pressure,” said Alcaraz at Rolland-Garros in Paris last month. “That’s why I saw my best tennis in crucial moments, and that’s why I saw my best tennis in those difficult situations.”

Performance under pressure was a theme that run through the month of June here at the Leaders Performance Institute, starting with the wise words of Red Bull’s big wave surfer Ian Walsh.

His approach is geared around managing his fear. “Those nerves and everything you fear are natural, and you can use that to elevate your performance,” he said in this article. “It commands every ounce of your being and your focus to deal with what’s coming at you and how you want to navigate it to try and finish on your feet.”

Elsewhere, we returned to the question of alignment, named the common causes of inadaptability, and asked the Brisbane Lions to talk about their approaches to female athlete health.

What if there’s clarity in your communication as a team, but still you suffer from misalignment?

Edd Vahid, the Premier League’s Head of Academy Football Operations, answered this in a recent interview with the Leaders Performance Institute.

He explained there could be a few factors at play, all of which point to the importance of feedback:

Staff development needs. If a staff member commits an error of execution, it is an opportunity to deliver developmental feedback. Vahid says: “Does everyone understand what we’re going after? If they do and they step outside of that, then feedback is warranted.”

Psychological safety. “It’s a buzz term,” says Vahid of the commonly used phrase, “but it’s crucial for people to feel they are in a feedback culture.” The leader must show that the intent of feedback is to help the individual to progress. “You’re taking time to give them feedback because you care,” he adds. “You’re then seeking to work with the individual to create that development.”

The leader’s behaviour. Leaders must also demonstrate their willingness to listen to feedback. “They need to provide ‘speak up’ signals,” says Vahid with reference to the work of psychologist Megan Reitz. “The leader needs the skill to understand the position they’re in and the power they carry in that dynamic.”

The four inhibitors that prevent adaptability in a complex world

Those four inhibitors are discussed in great detail here, but one that will discuss below is when leaders themselves become the bottleneck due to their authoritative approach.

“Authoritative leadership has been proven time and time again to be effective in very short bursts,” said Tim Cox of Management Futures at a recent Leaders Virtual Roundtable, “but it isn’t much good for adaptability.” The reasons are simple enough. “It’s really difficult for one person to be able to think through, be creative, respond to the environment around them when things are changing at a high pace.”

Leaders, Cox said, should:

  • Set the ambition or intent but remember: “the empowered leadership style is always more effective.” It fosters motivation, creativity, and collaborative problem-solving.
  • Consider the four Fs of effective, empowered leadership. “Any good model needs a four something or a three something,” said Cox, “and here are the constituent parts, which you will recognise.”

Focus: The leader must deliver clear, strategic alignment where everyone understands the direction and purpose of their work.

Feedback: Regular feedback and debriefing are essential for learning and continuous improvement, especially in dynamic settings.

Freedom: Give people autonomy and allow them to explore, innovate, and respond to change.

Fusion: This is about building strong relationships and collaboration, both within and beyond your organisation with a view to harnessing collective intelligence

Leadership is stagnating

This idea of leadership stagnating was revealed in stark terms in our Trend Report earlier this year.

The Trend Report revealed that 57 per cent of practitioners believe that leadership within their organisation has stayed the same or got worse in recent years.

The primary factors appear to be the shift towards task orientation and the pressure to ‘win now’, which can act to stifle innovation and long-term thinking. Leaders, as a selection of Leaders Performance Institute members agreed during a June roundtable, have less bandwidth, less time for staff development and even less time for staff onboarding.

Ben Baroody of Abilene Christian University, who co-led the session with Edd Vahid, observed that even at organisations that prioritise leadership development, stagnation is still reported.  For Baroody, this is compounded by what he sees as the link between alignment and (high) quality leadership.

Vahid questioned whether leaders are giving themselves enough capacity to lead effectively and, as such, he is an advocate of distributed leadership models and leaders who invest in their own development as well as that of their people.

The virtual floor also highlighted the importance of skills including influencing, an ability to hold honest conversations, and active listening.

The Brisbane Lions have turned female athlete health into a performance question

The renewed focus on female athlete health is a direct result of the work of Matt Green, the Lions’ High Performance Manager for AFLW and his team.

As an organisation, the Lions focus on five key, interrelated areas:

  1. Pelvic health. “This is of primary importance,” said Green. “We want to give women and girls information around what’s normal, what’s not, and what we can actually do about it.” Services include a women’s health specialist physio. These help bring conditions such as stress urinary incontinence to the fore “when a lot of female athletes may be dealing with these issues in silence”.
  2. Breast health. Annual breast-screening and bra fittings (plus the provision of a bra) are now standard. “There’s some damning statistics that more than 50 per cent of female athletes wear an ill-fitting bra,” said Green, who alluded to the increased risk of breast injury when an athlete is not wearing suitable equipment.
  3. Gynaecology. The Lions now have a gynaecologist embedded in their program and the club is “starting to get players thinking about family planning”. This helps normalise the conversation and provides a safe and supportive environment for all athletes thinking about family planning.

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